磁盘配额只能对分区做，挂载时需要加上选项   usrquota   grpquota

步骤：

    1、挂载 

[root@bogon mydata]# mount -o remount,rw,usrquota ./
[root@bogon mydata]# mount
……
/dev/sr1 on /mnt/fedora type iso9660 (ro,loop=/dev/loop1)
/dev/sdb5 on /mnt/mydata type ext4 (rw,usrquota) 

 可将挂载写到/etc/fstab表中，开机即启用磁盘配额 

    2、quotacheck

[root@bogon mydata]# quotacheck -cum ./
生成文件
[root@bogon mydata]# ls aquota.user 

    -c        创建 

    -u        检测用户文件

    -m        不挂只读文件系统

    3、开启 quotaon

[root@bogon mydata]# quotaon ./
[root@bogon mydata]# 

    4、编辑配额   edquota

[root@bogon mydata]# edquota fedora
Disk quotas for user fedora (uid 500):   这一行不能修改
  Filesystem                   blocks       soft       hard     inodes     soft     hard
  /dev/sdb5                         0          0          0          0        0        0

        字段2：块，以K为单位，已经使用了多少

        字段3：软限制，发出警告

        字段4：硬限制，强制性限制，将不能再写入数据

        字段5：文件节点

        字段6：软限制

        字段7：硬限制

[root@bogon mydata]# edquota fedora
Disk quotas for user fedora (uid 500):
  Filesystem                   blocks       soft       hard     inodes     soft     hard
  /dev/sdb5                         0      10000       15000          0        0        0

    5、完成配额配置

[root@bogon mydata]# repquota /dev/sdb5
*** Report for user quotas on device /dev/sdb5
Block grace time: 7days; Inode grace time: 7days
                        Block limits                File limits
User            used    soft    hard  grace    used  soft  hard  grace
----------------------------------------------------------------------
root      --     788       0       0             47     0     0 

[root@bogon mydata]# repquota /dev/sdb5
*** Report for user quotas on device /dev/sdb5
Block grace time: 7days; Inode grace time: 7days
                        Block limits                File limits
User            used    soft    hard  grace    used  soft  hard  grace
----------------------------------------------------------------------
root      --     788       0       0             47     0     0       
fedora    --    2048   10000   15000              2     0     0 

[fedora@bogon mydata]$ quota
Disk quotas for user fedora (uid 500): 
     Filesystem  blocks   quota   limit   grace   files   quota   limit   grace
      /dev/sdb5    2048   10000   15000               2       0       0        
[fedora@bogon mydata]$ 

    文件已经到了配额限制大小，再写入文件将出现警告

[fedora@bogon mydata]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=1M7 bs=1M count=1
dd: writing `1M7': Disk quota exceeded
1+0 records in
0+0 records out
0 bytes (0 B) copied, 0.00463752 s, 0.0 kB/s
[fedora@bogon mydata]$ quota
Disk quotas for user fedora (uid 500): 
     Filesystem  blocks   quota   limit   grace   files   quota   limit   grace
      /dev/sdb5   15000*  10000   15000   6days       9       0       0        

[root@bogon mydata]# repquota /dev/sdb5
*** Report for user quotas on device /dev/sdb5
Block grace time: 7days; Inode grace time: 7days
                        Block limits                File limits
User            used    soft    hard  grace    used  soft  hard  grace
----------------------------------------------------------------------
root      --     788       0       0             47     0     0       
fedora    +-   15000   10000   15000  6days       9     0     0  

    6days    表示，请删除6天以前的文件，因为文件是在一天生成的，所以系统并没有清除6天前的文件，导致配额限制了

使用命令方式 快捷设置配额  setquota

[root@bogon mydata]# setquota fedora 15000 20000 0 0 /mnt/mydata/ 

再用edquota查看，发现配额值已经改变

[root@bogon mydata]# edquota fedora
Disk quotas for user fedora (uid 500):
  Filesystem                   blocks       soft       hard     inodes     soft     hard
  /dev/sdb5                      1024      15000      20000          1        0        0
~ 

从已经定义的用户模型中定义  edquota -p user1 user2

        添加一个vimuser1的用户，从 fedora 用户配额模型复制给vimuser1用户

[root@bogon mydata]# useradd vimuser1
[root@bogon mydata]# edquota -p fedora vimuser1
[root@bogon mydata]# edquota vimuser1
Disk quotas for user vimuser1 (uid 502):
  Filesystem                   blocks       soft       hard     inodes     soft     hard
  /dev/sdb5